Bootlegger Sink
Basic information
Sample name: Bootlegger Sink

Reference: J. E. Guilday, H. W. Hamilton, and A. D. McCrady. 1966. The bone breccia of Bootlegger Sink, York County, Pa.. Annals of Carnegie Museum 38(8):145-163 [ER 3211]
Geography
Country: United States

State: Pennsylvania


County: York


Coordinate: 40° 1' 0" N, 76° 43' 30" W
Coordinate basis: stated in text

Time interval: Pleistocene - Holocene

Ma: 0.003722

Age basis: radiocarbon (uncalibrated)

Geography comments: "altitude 350 feet... one-quarter mile east of Emigsville, Manchester Township
there is a "carbon14 date" of "3,722 +/- 200 years (Before Present)" and the fauna is interpreted as spanning the "Late Glacial", "Hypsithermal", and "Recent" based on faunal interpretations (presumed to be uncalibrated because the error is symmetrically distributed)
there are several cold-climate rodent species, but the only substantial evidence of a Pleistocene age is the presence of Rangifer tarandus

Environment
Lithology: breccia

Taphonomic context: cave

Habitat comments: "The breccia occurred as a ledge... Varying from 0.13 meter to 1.2 meters thick... composed of a matrix of angular, irregular blocks of unweathered dolomite (80 per cent)... rounded, well-weathered limonitic sandstone pebbles" and "brown, sandy, unconsolidated loam, all bound together with travertine"

Methods
Life forms: bats,carnivores,rodents,ungulates,other small mammals

Sampling methods: quarry,screenwash

Sample size: 159 specimens

Years: 1963

Sampling comments: "Approximately 1.5 square meters were removed by wedging and dynamiting... many of the loam inclusions... were washed to recover such minute items as insectivore teeth"
millipedes, snails, salamanders, frogs, a turtle, and snakes are listed but not inventoried

Metadata
Sample number: 3523

Contributor: John Alroy

Enterer: John Alroy

Created: 2019-09-11 13:43:12

Modified: 2023-04-03 08:57:06

Abundance distribution
36 species
10 singletons
total count 159
geometric series index: 66.5
Fisher's α: 14.507
geometric series k: 0.9207
Hurlbert's PIE: 0.9499
Shannon's H: 3.2467
Good's u: 0.9374
Each square represents a species. Square sizes are proportional to counts.
Register
Sorex cf. cinereus34.1 g
Sorex arcticus18.1 g
Sorex hoyi32.8 g
"Microsorex hoyi"
Blarina sp.7
"Blarina brevicauda" (not described)
Cryptotis parva24.3 g
Parascalops breweri3
Condylura cristata452.2 g
Myotis cf. keenii134.7 g insectivore
Perimyotis cf. subflavus35.6 g insectivore
"Pipistrellus cf. subflavus"
Eptesicus fuscus217.2 g insectivore
"Eptesicus grandis" (see Kurten and Anderson 1980)
Plecotus sp.5
Sylvilagus cf. floridanus11.1 kg herbivore
Tamias striatus7113 g frugivore-insectivore
Marmota monax34.5 kg
Ictidomys tridecemlineatus4160 g
"Citellus tridecemlineatus"
Sciurus sp.1
questionably referred
Tamiasciurus hudsonicus4187 g
Glaucomys volans167.4 g
Glaucomys sabrinus193.4 g
Peromyscus cf. leucopus121.0 g
Peromyscus cf. maniculatus119.1 g
Myodes gapperi1824.1 g
"Clethrionomys gapperi"
Microtus pennsylvanicus735.7 g
Microtus chrotorrhinus133.0 g
Microtus xanthognathus668.5 g
Microtus pinetorum224.0 g
"Pitymys pinetorum"
Synaptomys borealis421.3 g
Napaeozapus insignis1022.7 g
Erethizon dorsatum119.9 kg herbivore
isolated molars and incisors and "numerous fragmentary limb bones" are present but not counted
Canis sp.4
Vulpes sp.1
compared to this genus
Mustelinae indet.2
"Mustela sp."
Mephitis mephitis111.5 kg carnivore-insectivore
"fragmentary limb bones; isolated canines" are also present
Lontra canadensis17.1 kg piscivore
"Lutra canadensis"
Odocoileus virginianus775 kg herbivore
Rangifer cf. tarandus469 kg browser